Ndondomeko ya m’mene timachitira zinthu
Mu ndime iye tikhala tikuphunzira ndondomeko zimene mukuyenera kuchita kuti mukathe Kulima mu Njira ya Mulungu ndikuchita bwino pa munda wanu.
1) Zida zogwiritsira ntchito
• Chingwe cha mapando Ichi ndi chingwe chimene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti pobyala mbeu zathu pakhale kuchuluka kwa mbeu moyenera ndipo izi zimachitika mwapamwamba kwambiri. Sankhani chingwe chachitali (mamita 50), chosatamuka, chingwe cholimba, chimene chingathe kukhala chaulusi, mawaya, ngakhale mulaza ndi khonje. Dulani ndodo ya masentimita 60 yokuti mudziyezera m’malo mokhala mfundo zanu pa chingwe. Mangani mfundo zozungulira m’mapeto a chingwe chanu, ndipo khomani zikhomo m’mapeto. Kenako yambani kumanga mfundo pogwiritsa ntchito zitsekero kapena mapepala a pulasitiki pa mulingo wa masentimita 60 wina uliwonse.
• Makasu
• Makapu oyezera
• Ndodo zoyezera za masentimita 60 ndi masentimita 75
• Manyowa, kompositi, dothi la pachulu kapena fetereza
• Mbeu
• Tisupuni
• Tebulosupuni
• Zitini kapena makapu a mamililita 350
2) Kukonza munda wanu
• Yambani miyezi iwiri yakumbuyo isanafike nthawi yobyala m’dera lanu
• Yambani mochepa ndipo chitani china chiri chonse mwapamwamba kwambiri. Zothira m’mapando zimene muli nazo zigwirizane ndi malo amene mukufuna kulimapo.
• Musatembenuze nthaka
• Musaotche bulangeti la Mulungu kapena kulisakaniza ndi dothi
• Ngati mukutsegula mphanje, zulani zitsa, fafanizani kuti pakhale palevulo kenako konzani bwino
• Ngati munda wanu wadzala ndi udzu, mungoupala ndikuusiya pamwamba monga bulangeti.
3) Kukhazikitsa mzere wa namulondola
• Yambani ku mtunda kwa munda wanu.
• Ikani chingwe cha ma 60 sentimita mosemphana ndi kutsetsereka kwa munda wanu pa malo okwera.
• Chiikeni ndendende ndi njira kapena mpanda.
• Ikani zikhomo ziwiri zamuyaya kumtunda kwa munda wanu.
• Khomani zikhomo zamuyuya poyambirira ndi pamapeto pa zizindikiro pa chingwe cha mapando.
• Khazikitsani kona yoongoka bwino ndi pepala ndipo ikani chingwe chotsetsereka cha mizere yanu.
4) Kukumba mapando
Chimanga:
• Kuchoka pa mphando lina ndi kufika paphando lina pakuyenera kukhala masentimita 60
• Kutambalala kwa khasu: likhale lotambalala masentimita 12
• Kuya: Likhale lokuya masentimita 15 ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito manyowa, kompositi komanso dothi la pachulu.
• Likhale lokuya masentimita 8 ngati tikugwiritsa ntchito fetereza mwachitsanzo DAP kapena NPK.
• Mukakumba dothi likuyenera kupita kumunsi.
• Sunthani chingwe cha ma 60 sentimita kuti chifike pa mzera wina, pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo ya 75 sentimita pa mulingo woyenera.
• Kumbani mapando anu pa mzere wachiwiri ndipo pitirizani kusuntha chingwe chanu pa mulingo wa 75 sentimita kenako yambani mzere wina.
• Pa munda wanu, ikani zikhomo pakatha mizera 10 kapena 20 iriyonse ndi cholinga chokuti mudzidutsa momwemo chaka ndi chaka.
Mbeu za mtundu wina:
• Mbeu zina sizimayenereka kubyalidwa mokuya kwambiri, mbeu ngati zimenezi sizimabyalidwa m’mapando ndiye timabyala mutingalande tating’ono.
• Ikani chingwe chanu chamapando m’mene mukufuna kukumba ngalande yanu, koma m’malo mokumba pamene pali mfundo za ma 60 sentimita, mukuyenera kukumba kangalande kokuya masentimita 8 motsatira chingwe chanu.
• Onani tebulo ya m’mene mungabyalire mbeu zina mwatsatanetsatane.
5) Kuthira laimu wa nthaka(Kukonza michere ya munthaka)
• Nthawi zonse dothi limene liri lofiira, makamaka ku madera amene mvula imagwa yochuluka limakhala ndi mchere ochuluka ndipo limagwira zakudya zambeu, izi zimapangitsa kuti mbeu isakule bwino.
• Laimu wa nthaka amaonjezera mphamvu ya zinthu zotchedwa hayidilojeni mu nthaka zimene zimapangitsa kuti zakudya zambeu zithe kufikira ku mbeu mosavuta podzera kumizu.
• Ikani tisupuni ya laimu pa phando lina lirironse ngati dothi lanu silinayezedwe.
• Ngati dothi lanu linayezedwa, ikani mulingo wa laimu woyenera.
• Ngati mulibe laimu mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito tebulosupuni ya phulusa kapena sakanizani thumba la phulusa ndi kompositi yanu.
6) Zothira pa phando
Ziripo za mitundu iwiri: za mtundu wa manyowa ndi fetereza.
Za mtundu wa manyowa
• Kompositi, manyowa, dothi la pachulu.
• Gwiritsani ntchito chitini kapena kapu ya mamililita 350.
• Thirani bwino bwino pansi pa phando lanu.
• Zokolola zimene mungapeze, makamaka chimanga ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito manyowa ndi matani 3 mpaka 5 pa hekitala, kompositi ndi matani 2 mpaka 5 pa hekitala ndipo dothi la pachulu ndi matani 1 mpaka 3 pa hekitala.
• Ngati ndi nyemba, thirani kapu ya mamililita 350 pa malo otalika masentimita 60.
• Ngati mubyala mbeu zosafuna chakudya chochuluka thirani manyowa anu pa malo otalika mita imodzi.
Fetereza
• Mitundu iwiri; okulitsa ndi obereketsa
• Mtundu okulitsa monga NPK kapena DAP molingana ndi miyeso yake
• Kuti mukolole zochuluka, thirani kapu ya mamililita 12 kapena tebulosupuni ya DAP kapena NPK munzere pansi pa phando lanu.
• Ngati mwabyala mbeu monga nyemba zimene mumagwiritsa ntchito ngalande, thirani tisupuni yodzadza mu ngalande pa malo otalika masentimita 60.
Zoyenera kuchita nthawi zonse
• Kwirirani bwino bwino ndi masentimita atatu a dothi kuti musiye mpata wokuti mubyaleko (masentimita 5 ngati mukubyala chimanga, ndipo masentimita 3 ngati mukubyala nyemba).
• Yembekezerani mvula yochuluka.
7) Kubyala
•Minda ikuyenera kukhala itakonzedwa bwino masabata atatu mvula isanagwe kuti mugwirane ndi nthawi yobyalira ya m’dera lanu. Mwachitsanzo maiko a ku mwera kwa Afrika akuyenera kukhala atamaliza minda yawo pokutha pa mwezi wa Okotobala.
• Ndi kwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu ya masika(OPV) chifukwa mungathe kuibyala mobwereza kwa zaka zambiri.
• Mbeu zitatu paphando ndipo mudzapatulira ndikutsalapo ziwiri ndipo mudzatsala ndi mbeu 44,000 pa hekitala.
• Ikani mbeu zanu pa nzere kumtunda kwa phando lanu.
• Kuya kwa pamene mukubyala, ngati ndi chimanga kutalika kwa chibiriti cha machesi, ngati ndi soya mulifupi mwa chibiriti cha machesi; ndipo ngati ndi tirigu mbali mwa chibiriti cha machesi.
• Ngati mukubyala nyemba ikani nyemba zanu malo otalikirana masentimita 10 mu ngalande.
• Kwirirani ndi dothi lofewa mpaka patakhala levulo ndi dothi linalo. Onetsetsani kuti palibe miyala komanso zigulumwa ndi bulangeti pokwirira.
• Vindikirani munda onse ndi bulangeti la Mulungu. Dziwani ichi: kwa mbeu zazing’ono monga karoti, sipinishi, mapira, thonje, nyemba ndi zina zotero, musavindikire bulangeti pamwamba pake kufikira zitamera.
8) Kapalepale
• Udzu umapangitsa kuti zokolola zanu zichepe chifukwa umalimbirana ndi mbeu yanu madzi, zokudya, kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mpata.
• Palirani pamene udzu ukadali waung’ono – hekitala imodzi ingathe kupaliridwa masiku 7 ngati udzu uli waung’ono; koma masiku 14 ngati uli waukulu.
• Udzu kuti umere pamatenga masiku 10. izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi nthawi yopuma ngati wapalira udakali waung’ono koma samakhala ndi nthawi yopuma ngati wapalira udakali waukulu chifukwa amakhala akuuthamangira.
• Palirani chobwerera m’buyo, mudzingoudula pansi pa nthaka
• Chotsani kapinga ndikumuzula m’munda mwanu kapena poperani mankhwala ovomerezeka.
• Musalole kuti udzu upange mbeu m’munda mwanu.
9) Kupatulira
• Patulirani pakatha masabata awiri kapena atatu pamene mbeu yanu yamera ndipo apa mbeu yanu ikuyenera kukhala masentimita 20 kapena 30.
• Patulirani ndipo siyani mbeu ziwiri paphando.
• Mudziyang’ana mapando atatu nthawi imodzi osati limodzi ai, ndipo patulirani ndikusiya mbeu zisanu ndi imodzi pa mapando atatu. Onani chitsanzo m’munsimu:
10) Kuthira fetereza obereketsa (Chimanga)
• Kuti munthu akolole zochuluka, akuyenera kuthira fetereza obereketsa kawiri monga CAN ndi Urea:
Poyambirira pakatha masabata awiri kapena atatu chitangomera:
• Kapu ya mamililita 8 kapena tisupunu yodzadza
• Thirani pa mulingo wa masentimita 7 kutalikirana ndi mbeu yanu koma kumtunda kwa phando lanu.
Kachiwiri chikupota chisanamasule:
• Thirani mamililita 5 kapena tisupuni yodzadza.
• Thirani motalikira masentimita 10 kumtunda kwa phando lanu.
11) Kapalepale musanakolole
• Pamene masamba a chimanga ayamba kuuma, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumalowa m’munda mwanu ndipo kumapangitsa kuti udzu umerenso.
• Chitani kapalepale omaliza pa nthawi imeneyi kuti m’munda mwanu musakhale udzu. Udzu wa chaka chino umalepheretsa mbeu za chaka cha m’mawa.
12) Kuthyola mapesi kumtunda
• Pamene chimanga chanu chakhwima.
• Thyolani mapesi anu kumwamba kwa chikonyo kuti chimanga chanu chiume mwachangu ndipo mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito ngati bulangeti.
13) Kukolola
• Kololani pamene chimanga chanu chakhwima ndithu ndipo chauma, nthawi yabwino ndi miyezi iwiri kuyambira pamene chinatulutsa ngayaye. Mapesi amakhala atauma ndipo mwana wa chimanga wanu amakhala atayang’ana pansi. Apa ndiye kuti chimanga chanu chimakhala ndi madzi ochuluka maperesenti 30.
• Yanikani chimanga chanu pa malo oyenera kufikira mutatsala madzi ochuluka maperesenti 13, kenako chiikeni m’matumba.
14) Kugwetsa mapesi mukakolola
• Imani ndikukankha phata la mapesi a chimanga chanu ndikuchigwetsera m’mizere yanu.
• Zimaonjezera bulangeti komanso zimathandiza kuti udzu usamere.
• Zimaononga mzungulire wa kapuchi mu mbeu ya chimanga.