6.1.6. Tomato – Njira ya Kompositi / Manyowa

Tomato ndi wodziwika kwambiri kwa masamba onse ndipo ali ndi zopatsa thanzi zambiri monga mavitamini A, C ndi E komanso amachotsa zoipa mthupi (anti – oxidants). Komabe tomato ndi modzi mwa mbeu zovuta kulima amafunika upangiri wabwino kwambiri; nthaka yabwino, yosunga madzi bwino ya chonde; ndi kuteteza bwino ku tizirombo komanso matenda zomwe sizimachitikachitika m`madera osauka. Kotero tomato akuyenera kupewedwa kufikira utapeza upangiri wokwanira ndipo nthaka yasamalidwa bwino komanso kompositi wathanzi kwa nyengo zochepa. Tomato amachita bwino munyengo yozizira mpaka kumayambiliro achirimwe ndi katenthedwe kapena kazizilidwe kabwino kobzalira ka 20 mpaka 27℃

Kabzalidwe

Alimi aminda ikuluikulu nthawi zambiri amabzala mbeu zosatawa motalikirana 60cm pa mbeu iliyonse ndi 150cm pakati pa mabande kuti kuwala kufikire ponse ndipo muzidutsika bwino, pamene minda ing`onoing`ono kapena alimi a minda ya pakhomo angathe kubzala pa 60 ndi 75cm motalikirana

Mbeu zotawa zimakwerakwera kwambiri ndipo zimabereka zipatso kwa nthawi yaitali, ndiye mbeu zimenezi zikuyenera kubzalidwa motalikirana 60cm pakati pa mbeu ndi 150cm pakati pa mabande.

Chipatso cha tomato ndi cholemera kwambiri ndipo mbeuzi sizimachedwa kugwa, kotero ndikoyenera kumanga timatabwa kapena timitengo m`mabande othandizira mbeu

Kumanga chingwe choyezera cha 60cm

Mangani chingwe chanu cha 60cm kuchokera ku chikhomo cha 75cm mpaka kufika chikhomo china cha 75cm mbali ina yoyang`anizana nayo. Onetsetsani kuti chingwe chalimba komanso chawongoka pochinyamutsa ndi kuchiponyanso pansi.

Kusuntha Bulangete la Mulungu

Sunthani Bulangete la Mulungu motsetsereka 30cm kuchokera ku phando lirilonse, kuti nthaka iwonekere

Kumasula Nthaka

Perekani mwayi wabwino ku tomato wanu kuti achite bwino pomasula ndi foloko 75cm ya m`mabande alionse mozika 30cm

Kukumba Mapando

Kubzala motalikira bwino kumapangitsa kuti kompositi kapena manyowa ziikidwe pa phando peni peni kusiyana ndi kompositi oika pamwamba. Kumbani phando lakuya 15cm motalikirana 60cm iliyonse, kankhirani dothi kumunsi kwa chingwe choyezera, samalani pounjika dothi bwino kuti muzagwiritsenso ntchito. Mapando akuyenera akhale otalika mbali 12cm, okuya 15cm ndi akulu 15cm. Kwa mitundu ya tomato osatawa obzalidwa pa khomo bwerezani mapando pa 75cm iliyonse ya m`mabande, pamene kwa minda ikuluikulu ndi mitundu yonse ya tomato otawa bwerezani bande iliyonse ndi 150cm.

Kukonza mthaka ya mchere

Kuti mukonze nthaka ya mchete ndikulora choonde chifikire mbeu zanu thirani sipuni yaikulu ya phulusa kapena ufa wa mafupa kapena sipuni yaing’ono ya laimu pa phando lirilonse.

Kompositi/Manyowa

Ndi koyenera kuthira mlingo wa 500ml wa kompositi pa phando lina lirilonse. Ngati mulibe kompositi, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa okhwima akale okhalitsa chifukwa kupanda kutero tomato adzapanga masamba ochuluka ndi zipatso zochepa. Kwirirani manyowa onse ndi nthaka yochokera kumunsi kwa mulu kufikira pamene nthaka yapamwamba itafika pa mlingo wofanana. Bwezerani bulangeti lokhuthala la mlingo wa 2.5cm pamwamba pa mapando.

Kubzala Mbande

Pamene mbande zafika pa mlingo wa 10-12cm kutalika zikhala kuti ndizokonzeka kuwokeredwa. Zikani ndodo yadibula kupyola bulangeti kupita pakatikati pa phando lina lirilonse kufikira mlingo wozika woyenera. Mukuyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mitsitsi ya mbeu zanu siyikukhota monga mwa maonekedwe a chilembo cha J zomwe zingakhudze kakulidwe ka mbeu, choncho tsimikizani kuti mlingo wozika wa una wa dzenje la ndodo yadibula ndi wokwanira, komanso osati wokuya kwambirinso. Ngati dzenje liri lakuya kwambiri lipangitsa kuti pakhale mpata wa mpweya pansi pa mitsitsi zomwe sizirinso zofunika. Potsimikizira kuti izi palibe, gwirizitsani mbande ya tomato pa malo ndi kutsindira ndi ndodo ya dibula kapena dzala zanu moimika, mukutsindira nthaka pang’onopan’gono mozungulira mitsitsi ya mbeu. Izi zimatsimikiza kuti mitsitsi ya mbeu siyidapindike ndi kutinso mulibe mipata ya mpweya kuzungulira pa malo a mitsitsi.

Kuteteza Tizirombo

Tomato amatengeka ndi tizirombo tochuluka komanso matenda, komano chitetezo chanu choyambirira ndiye kupanga kuti chomera chanu chikhale chopanda nkhawa iri yonse pokhala ndi nthaka yabwino, chophimbira chokhuthala bwino ndi kaperekedwe kwabwino kwa zakudya za nthaka. Upangiri wina uliwonse woletsa tizirombo mwachilengedwe ndiofunika kuposa kuchiza. Zomera zonse za gulu la (tomato, mabiringanya, tsabola ndi mbatata) zimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo komanso matenda ofanana, choncho ndi koyenera kusazilima kwa zaka ziwiri mu dongosolo la kasinthasintha ndi mbeu zimenezi.

Pali njira zosawerengeka za chilengedwe zoteteza tizilombo ndi matenda zimene zilipo ngati mafuta othawitsa tizirombo monga mafuta a nimu, komanso sukunulani mkaka kuti achepetse nguwi za mutomato “powdery mildew” pongonena zochepa (onani chaputala 5).

Yang’anirani zomera zanu pafupipafupi ndipo ngati mwazindikira zomera zamatenda, nthawi zambiri njira yabwino ndi yongochotsa zomera zimenezi ndikuzitaya kutali ndi munda.